二、副词的种类
(1)时间副词:常见的有now, then, soon, ago, recently, lately, later, before, early, today, tomorrow, yesterday, tonight, suddenly, immediately, still, already, just等。
(2)地点副词:常见的有here, there, up, down, away, nearby, home, ahead, abroad, indoors, overseas, upstairs, downstairs等。
(3)方式副词:表示行为方式的副词大多以ly结尾,如quietly, heavily, warmly, carefully, happily, politely, angrily等。
(4)频度副词:常见的有always, usually, often, frequently, constantly, occasionally, sometimes, seldom, hardly, rarely, never等。
(5)程度副词:常见的有fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, almost, nearly, half, highly, deeply, partly, perfectly, really等。
(6)连接副词:这类副词在语义上起连接作用,但用法上为副词,常见连接副词有therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, furthermore, still, thus, meanwhile等。
(7)关系副词:就是引导定语从句的when, where, why等。
(8)疑问副词:就是用于引出特殊疑问句的when, where, why, how等。
三、副词的句法功能
副词可作状语,表语,补语,定语和插入语
(1)单个程度副词常放被修饰词前,短语副词放被修饰词后面。
(2)方式副词放被修饰词后面。
(3)also及频度副词的位置:放be动词,助动词(包括助动词be, has,have,had,情态动词can,must等)后;放实义动词和半系动词前;同时出现助动词be和其他助动词, 放中间。
(4)否定副词放句首,句子用部分倒装。
(5)同时出现地点,时间副词,地点副词放时间副词前。
四、多个不同副词排列
方式状语+地点状语+时间状语。(时间副词有时也可以放在句首)
She sang very beautifully(方式) in the hall(地点) last night(时间).
Yesterday(时间) they worked very hard(方式) in the fields(地点).
(文/张玲,编辑/苏秀娟,审核/王俊华)